Unfair competition is dishonest industrial or commercial practice.

The concept of dishonest practice is defined in Law 9.279, the Industrial Property Law.

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Article 195. A crime of unfair competition is committed by anyone who:
I - publishes, by any means, a false statement, to the detriment of a competitor, in order to obtain an advantage;
II - provides or discloses, about a competitor, false information, in order to obtain an advantage;
III - employs fraudulent means, to divert, for his own benefit or for the benefit of others, the clientele of others;
IV - uses someone else's expression or advertising sign, or imitates them, in order to create confusion between products or establishments;
V - uses, improperly, the commercial name, title of establishment or insignia of others or sells, exhibits or offers for sale or has in stock a product with these references;
VI - substitutes, by his own name or corporate name, in another person's product, his name or corporate name, without his consent;
VII - it is attributed, as a means of advertising, a reward or distinction that it did not obtain;
VIII - sells or displays or offers for sale, in a recipient's container or wrapper, an adulterated or counterfeit product, or used to trade with a product of the same species, although not adulterated or falsified, if the fact does not constitute a more serious crime;
IX - gives or promises money or other utility to a competitor's employee, so that the employee, lacking the duty of employment, provides him with an advantage;
X - receives money or other utility, or accepts the promise of payment or reward, in order, in the absence of an employee's duty, to provide an advantage to the employer's competitor;
XI - discloses, exploits or uses, without authorization, confidential knowledge, information or data, usable in industry, commerce or service provision, excluding those that are public knowledge or that are evident to a technician in the subject, to whom had access through contractual or employment relationship, even after the end of the contract;
XII - disseminates, exploits or uses, without authorization, the knowledge or information referred to in the previous item, obtained by illegal means or which was accessed through fraud; or
XIII - sells, exhibits or offers for sale a product, declaring that it is the subject of a patent deposited, or granted, or of registered industrial design, which is not, or mentions it, in an advertisement or commercial paper, as deposited or patented, or registered , without being;
XIV - discloses, exploits or uses, without authorization, test results or other undisclosed data, the preparation of which involves considerable effort and which have been presented to government entities as a condition for approving the marketing of products.